From 1986 to 1988, an outbreak of non-A, non-B hepatitis occurred in the southern region of Xinjiang, with a total of 119,280 cases and 707 deaths. Academician Zhuang Hui conducted in-depth field investigations and, through studies in pathogeny, serology, molecular biology, animal experiments, and epidemiology, confirmed for the first time in China that the outbreak was caused by Hepatitis E Virus (HEV), associated with local water source contamination. After implementing measures such as water source disinfection and patient isolation, the outbreak was effectively controlled. The first domestically developed "Hepatitis E Virus IgG Antibody Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kit" was successfully developed, obtaining national drug certification as a second-class new drug with a protection period of 2 years, achieving significant economic and social benefits. Additionally, through studies in pathogeny, serology, and animal experiments, it was proven that an outbreak of unexplained hepatitis in a hospital affiliated with a medical university in Northeast China was caused by HEV, associated with food contamination. For these achievements, Academician Zhuang Hui received two Second-Class National Science and Technology Progress Awards, three First-Class and three Second-Class Provincial and Ministerial-Level Science and Technology Progress Awards, as well as one US patent and one Chinese invention patent.